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w. BLEsER, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMPOSlTlON CEMENT OR MORTAR.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 26,158, dated November 22, 1859.

- T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WENDLIN BLESER, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented an Improved Composition Cement or Mortar, which I have described in the following specification with sufficient clearness to enable competent and skillful workmen in the arts to which it pertains or is most nearly allied to make and use my invention.

The object and result of my said invention is to produce a composition for the purpose of cementing the bricks or blocks which compose walls which shall not be weakened by the application of heat, but shall, on the other hand, have its firmness and solidity increased therebyh It is well known that the calcareous materials now generally used for laying walls do not well resist the action of heat. This feature is in many constructions an important consideration, especially in the construction of various kinds of kilns where the application of extreme heat is an every-day occurrence. In these a mortar that will be hard and firm under a high degree of heat is re quired. In making the mortar which I have invented for this purpose I first mix together seventeen parts, by weight, of silicious gravel, fifteen parts of soda, and ten parts of charcoal. I melt these ingredients together under a strong heat till the whole mass is perfectly fused, and afterward reduce it to powder by any of the ordinary means of stamping and grinding. I then mix this fiour with water in the proportion of about one quart of the flour or powder to three quarts of water, and boil this mixture about two hours till it is thick like molasses. This I call mixture No. 1. This gives strength to the mortar. I then take one part of this boiled mixture and mix it with finely-pulverized fire-brick in dry powder sufficient to make it as stiff as mortar for the purpose for which it is desired is required, which mixture I call No. 2. I take another part and mix it with fire-clay, which will re sist a high degree of heat, till it is brought to a similar consistency which makes mixture No. 3. I then take another part and mix it with a sufficient amount of good buildingbrick ground to bring it to the same consistency. This is mixture No. 4.. I mix another part to a like consistency with ground soapstone,which constitutes mixture No. 5. I mix another part with slaked lime first dried in the air and reduced to powder,which forms mixture No. 6. I also mix another part in like manner with cream of tartar, which makes mixture No. 7. All the ingredients which are mixed with the mixture No. 1 must be dry when mixed. The mortar is composed of the mixtures described as Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 in equal parts, except No. 7, of which only one-fourth as much is taken as of either of the other mixtures.

A suitable quantity of hair mixed with this mortar fits it for plastering'ceilings,which are thus rendered fire-proof. For walls it is used without hair.

This mortar is applied in the ordinary way for applying mortar in laying walls, and soon becomes firm and strong. The application of heat very greatly increases its solidity, and to such a degree is this effect produced that a bakers oven laid in this mortar, after having been used a sufficient time to subject the mortar thoroughly to the repeated action of heat, may be removed to a new location without difficulty. The walls of a building laid with this mortar will not be made brittle by the action of fire should they be subjected to such a casualty. The importance and value of such a mortar for many purposes are too obvious to require comment, and will be appreciated by those who have long felt the need of such a composition.

I suppose that the proportions of some of the ingredients may be slightly varied without materially changing the nature of the mortar; but the proportions I have given I deem the best for the purpose sought to be accomplished.

I claim The mortar above described, made and composed substantially as set forth.

WENDLIN nnnsnn.

Vitnesses J OHN ORUMLY, THos. 1. How. 

